AIS or Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis is the curve side of the spine that mostly occurs in children ages ten years old and above. The spine may twist to the right or left side. This condition may start at puberty till adulthood. Idiopathic actually means the development of abnormal curve without reason at all. This condition seems to be genetic. Around three to five percent of children are affected with scoliosis and most of them are female where the curves will be more progressive.
Symptoms of AIS
Symptoms and signs of AIS includes uneven hips, leg length difference, abnormal gait and back pain. Individuals suffering from AIS may have one shoulder higher than the other and a curve in one side of the spine is visible. The most common indication of AIS is when you notice that clothes do not fit well like when you wear a pants, the leg of the pants may seem uneven.
If you notice this with your child then it is important to seek medical help immediately because if it is left untreated for a long time, it might leave a significant deformity. This deformity can have grave physical consequences. It can result to physical disability and psychological distress.
As the spinal bones deform or rotate, the rib cage then is affected which can result to heart and lung problems. Shortness of breath can result from such condition. When this progressive scoliosis affects the lumbar spine it can result into a pain that can be devastating.
Diagnosis of AIS
Assessment of the child’s condition includes physical assessment, diagnostic test, medical history and neurological exam. Medical history usually tackles the parent’s genealogy and if there is any other family members that is suffering from scoliosis and what treatment was given. With the neurological and physical examination, doctor will learn about the patient’s general fitness and health. Diagnostic test usually includes x-rays, scoliometer, Cobb angle measurement, Lenke classification and many more.
Treatment of AIS
Some AIS can be cured non-surgical and other need surgical intervention. Some just use a brace to prevent further progression of the curve however there are individuals that do not respond to braces anymore thus surgery is necessary.